Compare Micronesia, Federated States of (2002) - Malawi (2002)

Compare Micronesia, Federated States of (2002) z Malawi (2002)

	Micronesia, Federated States of (2002)	Malawi (2002)

Administrative divisions	4 states; Chuuk (Truk), Kosrae (Kosaie), Pohnpei (Ponape), Yap	27 districts; Balaka, Blantyre, Chikwawa, Chiradzulu, Chitipa, Dedza, Dowa, Karonga, Kasungu, Likoma, Lilongwe, Machinga (Kasupe), Mangochi, Mchinji, Mulanje, Mwanza, Mzimba, Ntcheu, Nkhata Bay, Nkhotakota, Nsanje, Ntchisi, Phalombe, Rumphi, Salima, Thyolo, Zomba
Age structure	0-14 years: NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA%	0-14 years: 44% (male 2,358,730; female 2,347,017) 15-64 years: 53.2% (male 2,810,478; female 2,884,601) 65 years and over: 2.8% (male 120,761; female 180,237) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	black pepper, tropical fruits and vegetables, coconuts, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, chickens	tobacco, sugarcane, cotton, tea, corn, potatoes, cassava (tapioca), sorghum, pulses; cattle, goats, groundnuts, Macadamia nuts
Airports	7 (2001)	44 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2002)	total: 6 over 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 4 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)	total: 37 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 14 under 914 m: 22 (2002)
Area	total: 702 sq km land: 702 sq km water: 0 sq km (fresh water only) note: includes Pohnpei (Ponape), Chuuk (Truk) Islands, Yap Islands, and Kosrae	total: 118,480 sq km land: 94,080 sq km water: 24,400 sq km
Area - comparative	four times the size of Washington, DC (land area only)	slightly smaller than Pennsylvania
Background	In 1979 the Federated States of Micronesia, a UN Trust Territory under US administration, adopted a constitution. In 1986 independence was attained under a Compact of Free Association with the US. Present concerns include large-scale unemployment, overfishing, and overdependence on US aid.	Established in 1891, the British protectorate of Nyasaland became the independent nation of Malawi in 1964. After three decades of one-party rule, the country held multiparty elections in 1994 under a provisional constitution, which took full effect the following year. National multiparty elections were held again in 1999.
Birth rate	NA births/1,000 population	37.13 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	revenues: $161 million ($69 million less grants) expenditures: $160 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998 est.)	revenues: $490 million expenditures: $523 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY99/00 est.)
Capital	Palikir	Lilongwe
Climate	tropical; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage	sub-tropical; rainy season (November to May); dry season (May to November)
Coastline	6,112 km	0 km (landlocked)
Constitution	10 May 1979	18 May 1994
Country name	conventional long form: Federated States of Micronesia conventional short form: none former: Ponape, Truk, and Yap Districts (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands) abbreviation: FSM	conventional long form: Republic of Malawi conventional short form: Malawi former: British Central African Protectorate, Nyasaland Protectorate, Nyasaland
Currency	US dollar (USD)	Malawian kwacha (MWK)
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population	23.2 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	$66.5 million	$2.8 billion (2001 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Larry DINGER embassy: address NA, Kolonia mailing address: P. O. Box 1286, Kolonia, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia 96941 telephone: [691] 320-2187 FAX: [691] 320-2186	chief of mission: Ambassador Roger A. MEECE embassy: Area 40, Plot 24, Kenyatta Road mailing address: P. O. Box 30016, Lilongwe 3, Malawi telephone: [265] (1) 773 166 FAX: [265] (1) 770 471
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Jesse Bibiano MAREHALAU chancery: 1725 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 223-4383 FAX: [1] (202) 223-4391 consulate(s) general: Honolulu and Tamuning (Guam)	chief of mission: Ambassador Paul Tony Steven KANDIERO chancery: 2408 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 797-1007 FAX: [1] (202) 265-0976
Disputes - international	none	Malawi and Tanzania maintain a largely dormant dispute over the boundary in Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) and current location of historical boundary in meandering Songwe River
Economic aid - recipient	under terms of the Compact of Free Association, the US pledged $1.3 billion in grant aid during the period 1986-2001	$427 million (1999) (1999)
Economy - overview	Economic activity consists primarily of subsistence farming and fishing. The islands have few mineral deposits worth exploiting, except for high-grade phosphate. The potential for a tourist industry exists, but the remote location and a lack of adequate facilities hinder development. In 1996, the country experienced a 20% reduction in revenues from the Compact of Free Association - the agreement with the US in which Micronesia received $1.3 billion in financial and technical assistance over a 15-year period until 2001. Since these revenues accounted for 57% of consolidated government revenues, reduced Compact funding resulted in a severe depression. Economic activity recovered in 1999-2001. The country's medium-term economic outlook appears fragile due to likely further reductions in external grants made under the US Compact funding. Geographical isolation and a poorly developed infrastructure remain major impediments to long-term growth.	Landlocked Malawi ranks among the world's least developed countries. The economy is predominately agricultural, with about 90% of the population living in rural areas. Agriculture accounts for 40% of GDP and 88% of export revenues. The economy depends on substantial inflows of economic assistance from the IMF, the World Bank, and individual donor nations. In late 2000, Malawi was approved for relief under the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) program. The government faces strong challenges, e.g., to fully develop a market economy, to improve educational facilities, to face up to environmental problems, and to deal with the rapidly growing problem of HIV/AIDS. The performance of the tobacco sector is key to short-term growth.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	767.25 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	-	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	NA kWh	825 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA%	fossil fuel: 3% hydro: 97% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Dolohmwar (Totolom) 791 m	lowest point: junction of the Shire River and international boundary with Mozambique 37 m highest point: Sapitwa (Mount Mlanje) 3,002 m
Environment - current issues	overfishing, climate change, pollution	deforestation; land degradation; water pollution from agricultural runoff, sewage, industrial wastes; siltation of spawning grounds endangers fish populations
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups	nine ethnic Micronesian and Polynesian groups	Chewa, Nyanja, Tumbuka, Yao, Lomwe, Sena, Tonga, Ngoni, Ngonde, Asian, European
Exchange rates	the US dollar is used	Malawian kwachas per US dollar - 67.3111 (December 2001), 72.1973 (2001), 59.5438 (2000), 44.0881 (1999), 31.0727 (1998), 16.4442 (1997)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Leo A. FALCAM (since 21 July 1999); Vice President Redley KILLION (since 21 July 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Leo A. FALCAM (since 21 July 1999); Vice President Redley KILLION (since 21 July 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet elections: president and vice president elected by Congress from among the four senators-at-large for four-year terms; election last held NA May 1999 (next to be held NA May 2003); note - a proposed constitutional amendment to establish popular elections for president and vice president failed election results: Leo A. FALCAM elected president; percent of Congress vote - NA%; Redley KILLION elected vice president; percent of Congress vote - NA%	chief of state: President Bakili MULUZI (since 21 May 1994); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Bakili MULUZI (since 21 May 1994); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: 38-member Cabinet named by the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 15 June 1999 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: Bakili MULUZI reelected president; percent of vote - Bakili MULUZI (UDF) 51.4%, Gwandaguluwe CHAKUAMBA (MCP-AFORD) 44.3%
Exports	$22 million (f.o.b.)	$415.5 million f.o.b. (2001)
Exports - commodities	fish, garments, bananas, black pepper	tobacco, tea, sugar, cotton, coffee, peanuts, wood products, apparel
Exports - partners	Japan, US, Guam	South Africa 18%, Germany 13%, US 13%, UK 10%, Japan 7%, Netherlands 3% (2000)
Fiscal year	1 October - 30 September	1 July - 30 June
Flag description	light blue with four white five-pointed stars centered; the stars are arranged in a diamond pattern	three equal horizontal bands of black (top), red, and green with a radiant, rising, red sun centered in the black band
GDP	purchasing power parity - $269 million note: GDP is supplemented by grant aid, averaging perhaps $100 million annually (2001 est.)	purchasing power parity - $7 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 50% industry: 4% services: 46% (2000 est.)	agriculture: 40% industry: 19% services: 41% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $2,000 (2001 est.)	purchasing power parity - $660 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	2% (2001 est.)	1.7% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates	6 55 N, 158 15 E	13 30 S, 34 00 E
Geography - note	four major island groups totaling 607 islands	landlocked; Lake Nyasa, some 580 km long, is the country's most prominent physical feature
Government - note	-	the executive exerts considerable influence over the legislature
Highways	total: 240 km paved: 42 km unpaved: 198 km (1996)	total: 14,594 km paved: 2,773 km unpaved: 11,821 km (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	$149 million f.o.b.	$463.6 million f.o.b. (2001)
Imports - commodities	food, manufactured goods, machinery and equipment, beverages	food, petroleum products, semimanufactures, consumer goods, transportation equipment
Imports - partners	US, Australia, Japan	South Africa 40%, UK 11%, Zimbabwe 7%, Japan 5%, Germany 2%, US 1.8%, Zambia (2000)
Independence	3 November 1986 (from the US-administered UN Trusteeship)	6 July 1964 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	2.5% (2001 est.)
Industries	tourism, construction, fish processing, craft items from shell, wood, and pearls	tobacco, tea, sugar, sawmill products, cement, consumer goods
Infant mortality rate	NA deaths/1,000 live births	119.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.5% (2001 est.)	28.6% (2001 est.)
International organization participation	ACP, AsDB, ESCAP, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IFRCS (associate), IMF, IOC, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO, WMO	ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MONUC, NAM, OAU, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIK, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2000)	7 (2001)
Irrigated land	NA sq km	280 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court	Supreme Court of Appeal; High Court (chief justice appointed by the president, puisne judges appointed on the advice of the Judicial Service Commission); magistrate's courts
Labor force	NA	4.5 million (2001 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	two-thirds are government employees	agriculture 86% (1997 est.)
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 2,881 km border countries: Mozambique 1,569 km, Tanzania 475 km, Zambia 837 km
Land use	arable land: 5.71% permanent crops: 45.71% other: 48.58% (1998 est.)	arable land: 19.93% permanent crops: 1.33% other: 78.74% (1998 est.)
Languages	English (official and common language), Trukese, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Kosrean, Ulithian, Woleaian, Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi	English (official), Chichewa (official), other languages important regionally
Legal system	based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws	based on English common law and customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court of Appeal; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	unicameral Congress (14 seats; members elected by popular vote; four - one elected from each state - to serve four-year terms and 10 - elected from single-member districts delineated by population - to serve two-year terms) elections: elections for four-year term seats last held 2 March 1999 (next to be held NA March 2003); elections for two-year term seats last held 6 March 2001 (next to be held NA March 2003) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 14	unicameral National Assembly (193 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 15 June 1999 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - UDF 48%, MCP 34%, AFORD 15%, others 3%; seats by party - UDF 96, MCP 61, AFORD 30, others 6
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years	total population: 36.59 years male: 36.05 years female: 37.15 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 89% male: 91% female: 88% (1980 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 58% male: 72.8% female: 43.4% (1999 est.)
Location	Oceania, island group in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Indonesia	Southern Africa, east of Zambia
Map references	Oceania	Africa
Maritime claims	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	none (landlocked)
Merchant marine	none note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: United States 1 (2002 est.)	-
Military - note	Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) is a sovereign, self-governing state in free association with the US; FSM is totally dependent on the US for its defense	-
Military branches	-	Army (including Air Wing and Naval Detachment), Police (including paramilitary Mobile Force Unit)
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$9.5 million (FY00/01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	0.76% (FY00/01)
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 2,535,207 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 1,301,625 (2002 est.)
National holiday	Constitution Day, 10 May (1979)	Independence Day (Republic Day), 6 July (1964)
Nationality	noun: Micronesian(s) adjective: Micronesian; Chuukese, Kosraen(s), Pohnpeian(s), Yapese	noun: Malawian(s) adjective: Malawian
Natural hazards	typhoons (June to December)	NA
Natural resources	forests, marine products, deep-seabed minerals	limestone, arable land, hydropower, unexploited deposits of uranium, coal, and bauxite
Net migration rate	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders	no formal parties	Alliance for Democracy or AFORD [Chakufwa CHIHANA, president]; Malawi Congress Party or MCP [Gwanda CHAKUAMBA, president, John TEMBO, vice president]; Malawi Democratic Party or MDP [Kampelo KALUA, president]; United Democratic Front or UDF [Bakili MULUZI] - governing party
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	National Democratic Alliance [Brown MPINGANJIRA]
Population	135,869 (July 2002 est.)	10,701,824 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	54% (FY90/91 est. )
Population growth rate	NA% (2002 est.)	1.39% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	Colonia (Yap), Kolonia (Pohnpei), Lele, Moen	Chipoka, Monkey Bay, Nkhata Bay, Nkhotakota, Chilumba
Radio broadcast stations	AM 5, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 9, FM 5 (plus 15 repeater stations), shortwave 2 (plus a third station held in standby status) (2001)
Radios	9,400 (1996)	2.6 million (1997)
Railways	0 km (2003)	total: 797 km narrow gauge: 797 km 1.067-m gauge (2001)
Religions	Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 47%	Protestant 55%, Roman Catholic 20%, Muslim 20%, indigenous beliefs 3%, other 2%
Sex ratio	NA	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate system domestic: islands interconnected by shortwave radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes) international: satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2002)	general assessment: NA domestic: system employs open-wire lines, microwave radio relay links, and radiotelephone communications stations international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	11,000 (2001)	38,000 (1999)
Telephones - mobile cellular	newly installed in Pohnpei and Yap	49,000 (2000)
Television broadcast stations	2 (1997)	1 (2001)
Terrain	islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to low, coral atolls; volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Truk	narrow elongated plateau with rolling plains, rounded hills, some mountains
Total fertility rate	NA children born/woman	5.04 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	16% (1999 est.)	NA%
Waterways	none	144 km note: on Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) and Shire Riverall

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